{"id":664,"date":"2016-10-03T10:48:24","date_gmt":"2016-10-03T10:48:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/101psych.com\/?p=664"},"modified":"2016-10-03T10:48:24","modified_gmt":"2016-10-03T10:48:24","slug":"criminology-introduction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2016\/10\/03\/criminology-introduction\/","title":{"rendered":"Criminology: Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the middle of the night on August 1<sup>st<\/sup>, 1966, 26-year-old Charles Whitman sat down at his typewriter in his house and began typing a letter.<\/p>\n<p>It begins:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2026I don\u2019t really understand myself these days. I am supposed to be an average reasonable and intelligent young man. However, lately (I don\u2019t recall when it started) I have been a victim of very unusual and irrational thoughts.\u201d Later that night, Whitman drove to his mother\u2019s house and killed her. Before leaving, he wrote a note and left it next to her on the bed:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN,<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve just taken my mother\u2019s life. I am very upset over having done it. However I feel that if there is a heaven she is definitely there now\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Later that night Whitman murdered his young wife, Kathy, while she lay sleeping in bed. He stabbed her numerous times in the chest. Before he did this he wrote another letter\u2026\u201c\u2026It was after much thought that I decided to kill my wife, Kathy, tonight after I pick her up from work at the telephone company. I love her dearly, and she has been as fine a wife to me as any man could ever hope to have. I cannot rationally pinpoint any specific reason for doing this.\u201d (Austin History Centre)<\/p>\n<p>Later that day Whitman drove to the University of Texas at Austin campus, where he was a student. He had packed a huge case filled with guns, ammunition, food, water and enough supplies to last for a few days. He climbed to the top of the observation tower that looks out over the campus and the city. Whitman killed the receptionist with the butt of a rifle. He then set up his sniper rifle on the tower and began taking aim at innocent people as they walked around the campus.<\/p>\n<p>In two hours of what must have been horrific terror for the people of Austin, Whitman killed 14 people, and injured over 30 others.<\/p>\n<p>What are your thoughts when you hear the story of Charles Whitman?<\/p>\n<p>Whitman\u2019s case was and still is a mystery, like many murderers and serial killers who seem to kill without reason. But your job as a psychologist isn\u2019t necessarily to <em>judge<\/em> people\u2019s behaviour, it\u2019s to investigate the research in order to <em>understand <\/em>it. In this chapter you are going to be introduced to the fascinating subject of psychology by looking at criminal behaviour.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_155\" style=\"width: 196px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-155\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-155\" src=\"https:\/\/101psychcom.files.wordpress.com\/2016\/08\/download1.jpg?resize=186%2C271\" alt=\"download\" width=\"186\" height=\"271\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-155\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlest Whitman: a seemingly normal man who shot 14 people dead in 1961. (from wikicommons)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In understanding how and why people behave and think the way they do, we have to consider multiple factors \u2013 including biological, environmental, cultural and social influences. By the end of this unit you\u2019re going to be challenged to answer this question: <em>How might a variation of the <strong>MAOA gene<\/strong> increase the likelihood of someone reacting <strong>aggressively<\/strong> in <strong>a socially threatening<\/strong> situation?<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Our Criminology unit provides teachers and students a chance to explore the fascinating study of understanding criminal behaviour, including its origins, effects and possible solutions. This unit aims to provide students with an introduction to the study of psychology by introducing the three approaches in one unit. While the primary focus will be on the biological bases of violent crime and antisocial behaviour (e.g. testosterone, serotonin, the role of the prefrontal cortex and the amydala), other variables are not ignored. The role of thinking and decision making and its connections with the prefrontal cortex is a recurring theme, as is the role of the amygala and emotion. The culture of honour studies and Bandura&#8217;s Social Cognitive Theory are introduced to provide an introduction to the idea\u00a0that social and cultural factors may also play a prominent role in explaining the origins of criminal behaviour.<\/p>\n<p>This unit covers the major outcomes of the biological approach (except only pheromones), while introducing students to a much wider range of concepts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the middle of the night on August 1st, 1966, 26-year-old Charles Whitman sat down at his typewriter in his house and began typing a letter. It begins: \u201c\u2026I don\u2019t really understand myself these days. I am supposed to be an average reasonable and intelligent young man. However, lately (I don\u2019t recall when it started) I have been a victim &#8230; <\/p>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2016\/10\/03\/criminology-introduction\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,9,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-criminology","category-curriculum","category-general-interest","no-post-thumbnail"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Criminology: Introduction | The IB Psychology Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore the fascinating study of criminal behavior in our Criminology unit. 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Sadly, incidents of mass shootings in the United States seem to be a regular occurrence. Why? Why have there been\u2026","rel":"","context":"With 1 comment","block_context":{"text":"With 1 comment","link":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2016\/08\/22\/mass-shootings-in-the-us-the-case-of-charles-whitman\/#comments"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/09\/C2-preview-image-232x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":8384,"url":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2017\/09\/20\/criminology-support-pack-now-available\/","url_meta":{"origin":664,"position":1},"title":"Criminology Support Pack: Now Available","author":"Travis Dixon","date":"09\/20\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"BUY YOURSELF SOME TIME WITH OUR TEACHER SUPPORT PACK. You can get your full teacher support pack HERE! This pack for Criminology contains: Complete unit plan with learning outcomes, key terms and lesson overviews 9 x topic plans with learning outcomes 25 x individual lesson plans following our C.H.A.C.E.R framework\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Criminology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Criminology","link":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/category\/criminology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/teacher-support-resources-c2-copy.png?fit=926%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/teacher-support-resources-c2-copy.png?fit=926%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/teacher-support-resources-c2-copy.png?fit=926%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/teacher-support-resources-c2-copy.png?fit=926%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":666,"url":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2016\/10\/03\/criminology-unit-overview\/","url_meta":{"origin":664,"position":2},"title":"Criminology: Unit Overview","author":"Travis Dixon","date":"10\/03\/2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Relevant Topics The follow are the relevant topics related to the learning outcomes from the IB course that this unit will aim to cover. Social Learning Theory (SCLA) Sociocultural Explanations of Violence (Human Relationships) Exposure to Violence (Human Relationships) Strategies to Reduce Violence (Human Relationships) Grade 12s can also opt\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Criminology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Criminology","link":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/category\/criminology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":631,"url":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2016\/09\/30\/criminology-an-introduction\/","url_meta":{"origin":664,"position":3},"title":"Criminology: An introduction","author":"Travis Dixon","date":"09\/30\/2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Brain Function:\u00a0The Frontal Lobe and the Prefrontal Cortex Numerous studies have shown that there are correlations found between brain function and violent behaviour. In order to fully understand these studies, it\u2019s important to have a general understanding of some of the functions of these parts of the brain. The brain\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Criminology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Criminology","link":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/category\/criminology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":670,"url":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2016\/10\/03\/criminology-social-learning-theory\/","url_meta":{"origin":664,"position":4},"title":"Criminology: Social Learning Theory","author":"Travis Dixon","date":"10\/03\/2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Social Learning Theory Children that grow up in violent households might be more prone to violence not only because of the physiological effects of the trauma that may have altered their brain and\/or cognitive development, they may have also learned to be violent from watching their parents. Stanford Psychologist Albert\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Criminology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Criminology","link":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/category\/criminology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8280,"url":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/2017\/09\/16\/the-top-ten-most-valuable-studies-from-the-criminology-unit\/","url_meta":{"origin":664,"position":5},"title":"The Top Ten Most Valuable Studies from the Criminology Unit","author":"Travis Dixon","date":"09\/16\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Personally, I think the most useful studies to know in-depth in order of appearance are: Bechara et al.\u2019s study on the vmPFC, Iowa Gambling task and decision making (2.2)(link) Feinstein et al.\u2019s case study on SM (2.3)(workbook) Radke et al.\u2019s experiment on testosterone and the brain (2.4)(textbook) Cohen\u2019s culture of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Curriculum&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Curriculum","link":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/category\/curriculum\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/bigstock-hand-writing-the-text-top-123070985.jpg?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/bigstock-hand-writing-the-text-top-123070985.jpg?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/bigstock-hand-writing-the-text-top-123070985.jpg?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2017\/09\/bigstock-hand-writing-the-text-top-123070985.jpg?fit=900%2C506&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/664","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=664"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/664\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.themantic-education.com\/ibpsych\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}